Study Shows Women Are Still Judged for Not Taking Their Husband’s Name

Once you’ve popped the engagement Champagne and posted your new bling to Instagram, brides-to-be know that what follows is an onslaught of well-meaning, but pretty darn nosy questions. Whether you’re debating the perfect wedding colors or if you should take your fiance’s last name, you’ll soon find out that everyone and their mother has an opinion. Now science is joining the conversation too.

New research in the academic journal Gender Issues delves deep into what people *really* think about women who have and have not changed their names. According to Portland State University researcher Emily Fitzgibbons Shafer, a woman’s choice to change — or keep — her name doesn’t affect the opinions of women and highly educated men in the US. But when it comes to American men with lower education levels, it’s a whole other story.

Shafer’s research suggests that men of lower education levels view women who don’t change their names as “less committed wives” than women who dochange their last name, or even women with hyphenated last names. Asked about a made-up scenario where a husband pitches in more with housework in order to support his wife, who’s working late at the office to get a promotion, less educated men were harder on non-name-changing women than women who changed their last name, even saying the husbands in the scenario were more justified in divorcing them (insert *huge* groan). Shafer used 2010 survey data from 1,253 US residents, though it’s important to note that 73 percent of the survey participants were white.

Shafer says her research was inspired by the contentious debate in the 1980s over Hillary Rodham’s decision to change her name to Hillary Rodham Clinton. While it’s hard to believe now, back then many political pundits blamed Bill Clinton’s early gubernatorial loss on Hillary’s initial refusal to change her last name. Shafer’s research demonstrates that we still have a long way to go before men and women are judged equally, and that even the most trivial of things can affect a woman’s chance for success. We weren’t short on proof that feminism matters, but we’ll take it anyway.

Do you plan to change your name after you get married? Did changing your name have a major effect on your life? Tweet us @BritandCo and let us know!

(Photos via Getty)

You and your significant other have decided to move in together. You're picking out a new sofa and dreaming about how amazing it will be to cook breakfast together every Saturday morning. In the weeks after the move-in, it's likely to feel pretty idyllic. You're awash in the honeymoon period, so thrilled to be sharing a home that nothing can shake you. But then things get a little dicey.

A few weeks or months after you've moved in together, you may start to question things. And that's perfectly normal. You've just taken a major step in your relationship, and growing pains are totally real, so don't let your doubts derail your future plans with your S.O. Experts say these five doubts are especially common. Here's how to deal.

1. Is Our Relationship Moving at the "Right" Pace?

Photo by Pexels/Vera Arsic

“After moving in together, many couples notice they have doubts about the progression of their relationship," licensed psychotherapist Christine Scott-Hudson says. “Each partner may experience uncertainty about their own or their partner's timing and may suffer if they relate their partner's faster pace to being pushed or their partner's slower pace to feeling unappreciated or undervalued." Once you're sharing a space with your S.O. 24/7, you may be more sensitive than ever to the fact that you're not on the same page about things like engagement, in-laws, children, and more. If you're experiencing doubt about how — and how quickly — your relationship is moving forward, start talking about it with bae ASAP. See if you can recalibrate your expectations and open up communication.

2. How Should We Be Handling Our Finances?

Photo by Pexels/Kuncheek

There are plenty of romantic elements about moving in with a partner, but money is also at play… and that's not so romantic. If you and your significant other didn't have an extensive conversation about finances before the move-in actually happened, you may be finding that your new roomie has financial habits that make you feel uncomfortable now that you're sharing bills. Certified mental health professional and relationship expert from Maple Holistics Adina Mahalli suggests seeking outside help when possible for this kind of issue. Sign up for a financial management class together to help put those doubts at ease. If that's not doable for you, try setting up a very clear budget so you can get back on the same page.

3. Can I Handle These Quirks Full-Time?

Photo by Pexels/cottonbro studio

In the glow of a new relationship, your sweetie's idiosyncrasies may seem more cute than annoying. But when you're dealing with them front and center, day in and day out? Maybe not so much. “Once you move in together, your rose-colored glasses start to wear off and seemingly endearing traits become more irritating and harder to overlook," DatingScout dating expert Celia Schweyer notes. “Living together means you have to experience real life with your partner." Navigating those real-life annoyances while keeping your relationship strong requires communication and compromise, Schweyer says. Speak up (respectfully) about the habits that bother you, and come to the table with suggestions that will allow you and your partner to live in harmony without changing who you are. It's better than bottling up your frustration and becoming resentful.

4. What if We Start To Feel Like Roommates?

Photo by Pexels/Alex Green

If, after living together for a while, you and your S.O. start to feel less like romantic partners and more like, well, roomies, don't panic. It happens. But it may create some doubt. Matchmaker, relationship expert, and Platinum Poire founder Rori Sassoon tells us that roommate syndrome can be solved by putting in some serious mutual work. Both of you will need to step up your game, communicate, and figure out how to get the dynamic back on track.

5. What If My Partner Starts to Hate My Quirks?

Photo by Pexels/SHVETS production

Just as you might suddenly doubt your relationship because your significant other's quirks are on display full-time, you may start to get insecure about how they perceive your quirks. “You will become more relaxed in your own home and less willing or able to keep up a show," marriage coach and relationship expertLesli Doares says. “This isn't necessarily a bad thing, but it can come as a surprise." Be open-minded about hearing your partner's feedback and don't shy away from trying to improve on some of the habits that cause issues.

RELATED: 7 Tips You Need to Know When Moving in With Your Significant Other

This post has been updated.

Header image via Vlada Karpovich / PEXELS

Reese isn't the only Witherspoon woman with undeniable beauty, grace, and talent! Her daughter, Ava Phillippe, is basically her twin, but she's managed to carve her own path throughout her life in the limelight. While her mom makes headlines for her adorable friendships with Jennifer Aniston, her highly successful Hello Sunshinecompany, and the upcoming season of The Morning Show, here is everything you should know about Reese Witherspoon's daughter, Ava Phillippe.

Ava's Early Life

Image via Instagram

Ava was born to Reese Witherspoon and her first husband, Ryan Phillippe, on September 9, 1999, in Los Angeles, California. In an interview with Jay Leno, Reese shared that she named her daughter after Ava Gardner because she was the only woman who was able to break Sinatra.

Reese has been open about how difficult the transition to new motherhood was, sharing on The View: "I had a baby really young — I was 23 years old — and so I was raising her by myself. I don't have any sisters, I don't have any aunts. I was alone in a new city, in Los Angles, and I literally had no friends. I would cry."

In 2000, The Morning Show actress guest starred on Friends, and Reese Witherspoon's daughter plays a huge role in Reese's memories from set. "I remember [Jennifer Aniston] and Courteney [Cox] running to my dressing room going 'Can we see the baby?!'" she tells People. "Ava was on set and I got to put her on the couch in Central Perk."

The cast of Friends "had a natural rapport with each other [and] I've never seen it again," she continues. "It was just these six people working in rhythm together and you could tell they truly loved each other."

Photo by Alberto E. Rodriguez/Getty Images

Despite the difficulties of not having a strong support system, Reese powered through and welcomed her second child with Phillippe, a son named Deacon, in 2003. In 2006, Ava's parents split up.

While the split was likely very difficult for Ava, she was still able to help her father cope with it. In an appearance on The Ellen DeGeneres Show in 2007, Ryan shared that his daughter is his inspiration and helped him get through the toughest time in his life.

Ava's Very Open About Her Anxiety

Photo by Jason Merritt/Getty Images

Following in her mother's footsteps, Ava has been candid about her struggles with the public. She shared on Instagram during a Q&A that she has "dealt with anxiety for as long as I can remember, and it was especially intense for me as a kid and teenager". She also offered advice to those dealing with something similar, saying "Don't invalidate your feelings. You have every right to feel however you do, even if it seems weird to others, and being hard on yourself won't help you feel better or find a solution."

Reese Witherspoon's Daughter Ava Has A Successful Modeling Career...

Image via Rodarte / Instagram

Despite her struggles with anxiety, Ava continues to push forward and make her dreams a reality. She made her modeling debut in Rodarte's Fall 2018 collection and has starred in ads for her mother's clothing company, Draper James. Since then, she has continued to make a name for herself in the modeling industry and became the face of Pat McGrath's Bridgerton collection in 2021 and modeled for Beyoncé's fashion label, Ivy Park.

...And A Potential Upcoming Acting Career

Image via Pascal Le Segretain/Getty Images for Fendi

When Instagram account Deuxmoi posted a blind item about a new actress breaking into acting, we couldn't help but hope they're talking about Ava Phillippe. We saw her attendThe Golden Bachelor finale, but we would love to see Reese Witherspoon's daughter light up the screen! "We haven't seen [this celeb's] acting chops before but if she's anything like her A-list mama we can't wait!!!" says the blind item.

Ava Graduated From UC Berkeley

Photo by Dia Dipasupil/Getty Images

Beauty and brains! Ava attended UC Berkeley and graduated with her Bachelor's degree in 2022. Upon graduating, Ava has continued to model and nurture her artistic talent. Her Instagram is filled with pictures of her stunning portraits and sketches of things like animals and nature scenes. She also spends her days being a dog mom, and she's not shy about that on social media either!

Looking for more entertainment news? Sign up for our weekly email newsletter! You can also check out The Latest News On Blake Lively And Ryan Reynold's Kids for more of your favorite celeb families!

Header image via Matt Winkelmeyer/Getty Images for Critics Choice Association

Rom-coms are having a moment RN. Between Lindsay Lohan's Irish Wish, Anne Hathaway's The Idea Of You, and Zendaya's Challengers, our hearts are bursting from all the love and romance. But even though romantic comedy relationships are portrayed as #relationshipgoals, many on-screen romances are actually riddled with toxic dynamics and unhealthy behaviors. Christie Tcharkhoutian, professional matchmaker for Los Angeles-based Three Day Rule, revealed to us why four of our fave romantic movie fictional couples should be written off as inspo for you and your S.O.

Juliet and Mark in "Love Actually"

Image via Universal Studios Home Entertainment

Problematic Message: Love is the most exciting when it’s forbidden.

Even if you haven’t seen the romantic comedy, you’ve definitely seen the GIFs: Andrew Lincoln, playing Mark, professing his love for Keira Knightley’s character through handwritten signs, one of which reads the famous line, “To me, you are perfect.” Yes, it’s ultra-romantic — until you look a little closer. “Although we all love an honest display of love, making a play and expressing your love for your best friend’s wife is not a good start for a relationship, on or off screen,” Tcharkhoutian says.

And the most harmful part of these fictional narratives is that they only show a fraction, if any, of the fallout. “This is a toxic dynamic that devalues the dignity of marriage and romanticizes the idea of being in love with someone who is ‘off-limits,’ without portraying the harsh realities of this kind of basis for a relationship,” Tcharkhoutian explains.

Andie and Ben in "How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days"

Image via Paramount Pictures

Problematic Message: A relationship that began with ulterior motives can become healthy and functional.

There’s no denying that Kate Hudson and Matthew McConaughey are a dreamy pair, but in this movie, their relationship is a nightmare. Their quick rise to love is certainly entertaining, but the foundation of their relationship makes it impossible to exist outside of fiction.

The two meet as means to prove themselves at their respective jobs, and in true rom-com fashion, their supposedly real feelings take off from there. Tcharkhoutian cautions against this behavior in real life. “This can set up a relationship to be something in which a person is objectified as a vehicle to help you meet your needs, instead of a mutual union and partnership with pure and honest motives of loving each other through thick and thin,” she says.

Lucy and Jack in "While You Were Sleeping"

Image via Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment

Problematic Message: Falling in love with the idea of someone can result in a happy ending.

No one can resist a Sandra Bullock romantic comedy, so it’s no surprise this movie is still revered as a classic of the genre. It has all the necessary components: an unrealistic plot (she saves a man’s life, is confused for his fiancée by his family, and then falls in love with his brother while he’s in a coma — like, come on!), a handsome boy-next-door lead and, of course, love. However, much like the relationship in How to Lose a Guy in 10 Days, the foundation is faulty.

Falling in love with the idea of someone, as Sandra Bullock’s character does, doesn’t equate to falling in love with the actual person, Tcharkhoutian clarifies, and to start a relationship with this basis in real life is ill-advised.

Amanda and Graham in "The Holiday"

Image via Sony Pictures Home Entertainment

Problematic Message: True love lies in the next adventure, which is far from your hometown and your past relationship.

Who hasn’t dreamt of traveling to a foreign country; staying in a cozy, remote cottage; and falling in love with someone even half as good-looking as Jude Law? Well, there’s a reason it’s a mere fantasy. Tcharkhoutian describes the phenomenon in The Holiday movie as escapism — the idea that you need to escape from your day-to-day life to find true happiness or, in this case, true love.

Although it’s fun to dream, if taken too far, this particular romantic comedy mentality can lead to irrational expectations. “This escapism mentality can create a false belief that international [relationships] are sustainable in the long-term,” Tcharkhoutian remarks. “True healthy relationships survive and thrive in the everyday, mundane routine, not in the exciting international adventure that depends on thrill and distance.”

Which rom-com couples stay together?

Image via Netflix

However, there are PLENTY of romantic comedy relationships we love! Some of our favorites include Nick and Rachel in Crazy Rich Asians, Matty and Jenna in 13 Going on 30, Harry and Sally in Meg Ryan's When Harry Met Sally, Elle and Emmett in Legally Blonde, and Peter and Lara Jean in To All The Boys I've Loved Before.

What other romantic comedy fictional couples should be on this list? Let us know @BritandCo.

Lead image via Paramount Pictures

This post has been updated.

We can all remember watching the early 2000s chick-flick-slash-feminist-manifesto that is Legally Blonde. The bubbly ex-sorority girl Elle Woods (played by Reese Witherspoon), the jack*ss she was determined to marry, the lengths she went to to win him back. But the most poignant detail about Legally Blonde was her success at Harvard Law despite being an ultra-feminine, dripping-in-pink, tiny-dog-wielding young woman everyone thought was never supposed to be there in the first place.

Image via Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc.

"Playing Elle Woods was just the highlight of my career, my early career for sure," she tells People. "She was such an underdog, and just trying to find those pieces of her that [were] really vulnerable. That feeling that people underestimate you and think you can't do things."

"I had no idea when we were making it that it was going to touch so many people's hearts," she continues. "The thing I love about Elle Woods is I share that performance with so many young people because of the stage play...I'll have all these cool people come up to me and be like 'I played Elle Woods!'...We're both Elle Woods!"

Elle Woods is, without a doubt, a feminist icon, and it’s safe to say that Reese Witherspoon took her character very seriously.

Image via Matt Winkelmeyer / Staff

You may be thinking: “What crazy techniques could Reese Witherspoon have used to create Elle Woods for Legally Blonde? It’s just a character!” At first, we thought that too. Was it really that hard to play a wannabe socialite on a mission to win back her boyfriend before using her intellect to crush it at Harvard Law and save her friend from a murder conviction à la her knowledge of perms? In short — yes, yes it was, and Reese spilled it all on how she transformed into the leading lady we know (and love) today.

In an interview with Harper's Bazaar, Reese mentions that she's always loved how much of a feminist Elle is. “She could have all this really strong ideology about what women could accomplish but she could also be very obsessed with clothes and hair and makeup, which a lot of young women are,” she says.

“The costume designer Sophie De Rakoff and I collaborated — this was our first collaboration — to create Elle Woods," she continues. "In the script it said she had been, like, a sunscreen model. So we knew we were gonna have to do some bikini looks and we were going to have to do bright colors, we wanted her hair really bright blonde."

Image via Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc.

Elle was meant to come off to others as a classic California Barbie stereotype, the kind of surface-level person who never spent a moment thinking critically. To accomplish this, Sophie and Reese set out to find the perfect costumes to match Elle's 90s supermodel hair, and it was pretty intense, at least according to Reese.

"I remember the first day of going to Harvard that Sophie wanted [Elle] in an all pink leather look because she wanted her to look like a piece of luggage," Reese recalls. "We went to Frederick's of Hollywood to buy the bunny costume together and so I had to try on all these bustiers and make sure that all the bits were in the right places."

Image via Theo Wargo / Staff

But the “look” isn’t all that Reese was committed to. Reese needed to become Elle, sorority houses and all. “I would go and just hang out and listen to what they talked about, and the way they did their nails, and the way they decorated their rooms," she says. "It really influenced how I held my body, how I used my hands in the performance, the cadence of my speech…I took the part really seriously. It was all about just creating [a] character that I really understood throughout the entire shooting, so that you could throw anything my way and I could still stay in character.”

Whew — that’s a lot. Reese’s commitment to the role truly shines through the screen, and has *literally* changed pop culture forever. I mean, we have probably dressed as Elle Woods for Halloween at least a half dozen times.

Image via Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc.

“The impact of Legally Blonde has been unreal," she continues. "Just the idea that I've traveled all over the world...and had women come up to me and say, ‘I became a lawyer because of Elle Woods’...it's just meaningful. It's very resonant at a certain time in your life where you're really trying to discover who you are, and it's why it's one of my favorite movies I've ever done. It's one of my favorite characters I ever created.”

Honestly, we have so much respect for Reese and the incredible effort she put into perfecting the Elle we've idolized for decades. It’s unimaginable to quantify the impact this character has had on women — and society — as a whole, but if we had to guess, we know it would be enormous.

Is Elle Woods your favorite Reese Witherspoon character? Let us know @BritandCo!

Header image courtesy of Matt Winkelmeyer / Staff.

This post has been updated.

Everyone's favorite Disney Channel darling, Vanessa Hudgens and husband Cole Tucker are officially expecting their first child! Amid much speculation, Vanessa finally spilled the big news at the Oscars red carpet, showing off her sweet baby bump to the world. Vanessa and Cole got married in Mexico last year, and we can't get enough of their adorable relationship. Here's everything we know so far about this soon-to-be new mom and her beau's growing family!

Who is Vanessa Hudgens' husband?

Photo by Dimitrios Kambouris/Getty Images for WarnerMedia

Vanessa Hudgens is married to baseball player Cole Tucker. The 27-year-old athlete currently plays for the Seattle Mariners, previously working for the Pittsburgh Pirates and Colorado Rockies teams.

When did Vanessa Hudgens and Cole Tucker meet?

Photo by Mike Coppola/Getty Images for SiriusXM

Believe it or not, Vanessa told Drew Barrymore during her show that she met Cole on Zoom of all places! According to Vanessa, she logged onto a weekly Zoom meditation during the pandemic, Cole was online, and basically the rest was history — after she slid into his DMs, of course. 😘

When did Vanessa Hudgens get married?

Photo by Kevin Winter/Getty Images

Vanessa Hudgens and Cole Tucker got married in Tulum Mexico in December 2023. Vanessa sent Vogueall the details, giving us the glam of the bridal party in their bright peach dresses, and Vanessa's many stunning looks! She even joked to Voguethat her husband had a "baseball lineup" for his side of the party — all dressed in simple white and khaki. Chic, chic, chic!

How did Vanessa Hudgens announce her pregnancy?

Photo by Mike Coppola/Getty Images

Vanessa brought her best accessory to the 2024 Oscars red carpet — her baby bump! Amid much disputed speculation, Vanessa finally debuted her baby-to-be with Cole Tucker, wearing a simple black bodycon dress paired with plenty of diamonds. To say she's glowing would be an understatement!

When is Vanessa Hudgens' baby due?

Photo by Monica Schipper/Getty Images

Vanessa and Cole haven't announced an official due date, name, or gender for their baby-to-be. We can't wait to learn more about this lovely little one!

How has Vanessa Hudgens been doing since announcing her pregnancy?

Image via Vanessa Hudgens/Instagram

As far as we can tell, the first-time mama is doing really well. She was recently shared an Instagrampic of her looking gorgeous in a form-fitting brown dress that complemented her skin for date night. She posed in the mirror while cradling her growing baby bump and also showed off her neon yellow nails.

We can only hope to look this good during our future pregnancies!

Want to stay up-to-date with all the latest celeb news? Be sure to follow Brit + Co on Facebook!

Header image via Mike Coppola/Getty Images